TUMOR MARKERS

 

 

S. No.	Tumor Marker	Cancer Type	Tissue Analyzed	Purpose
1.	ALK gene Rearrangement	Non-small cell Lung cancer: anaplastic Large cell lymphoma	Tumor tissue	To help determine treatment and prognosis
2.	Alpha(AFPX0.64IU/L)	Liver cancer: germ cell tumors	Blood	To help diagnose fetoprotein liver cancer and follow response to treatment: to assess stage, prognosis, and response to treatment.
3.	Beta 2 microglobulin	Multiple myeloma: chronic lymphocytic leukemia	Blood, urine and CSF	To determine prognosis and to follow response to treatment
4.	Beta human chorionic gonadotropin(Beta-hCG)	Choriocarcinoma: testicular cancer	Urine or blood	To assess the stage, prognosis, and response to treatment
5.	BCR- ABL	Chronic myeloid leukemia	Blood or bone marrow	To confirm diagnosis and monitor disease status
6.	CA 15-3 CA 27.29	Breast cancer	Blood	To assess treatment is effective and disease has recurred
7.	CA 19-9	Pancreatic cancer, Gallbladder cancer, Bile duct cancer, Gastric cancer	Blood	To assess treatment is working or not
8.	CA 125	Ovarian cancer	Blood	To help in diagnosis, assessment of response to treatment, and evaluation of recurrence
9.	Calcitonin	Medullary thyroid	Blood	To aid in cancer diagnosis, treatment is working or not, assess recurrence
10.	Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	Colorectal cancer Breast cancer	Blood	To check cancer has spread To look breast for breast cancer recurrence and assess the response of treatment
11.	CD 20	Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Blood	Determine treatment with targeted therapy is appropriate
12.	Chromogranin A (CgA)	Neuroendocrine	Blood	Tumor diagnosis, assessment of treatment response, and evaluation of recurrence
13.	Chromosomes 3,7,17 and 9p21	Bladder cancer	Urine	Monitoring for tumor recurrence
14.	Cytokeratin  Fragments 21-1	Lung cancer	Blood	Monitoring for recurrence
15.	EGFR mutation analysis	Non-small cell	tumor tissue	Determine lung cancer treatment and prognosis
16.	Estrogen receptor (ER) Progesterone receptor (PR)	Breast cancer	Tumor tissue	Determine whether treatment with hormonal therapy is appropriate
17.	Fibrin/fibrinogen	Bladder cancer	Urine	Monitor progression and response to treatment
18.	HE4	Ovarian cancer	Blood	Assess disease progression and monitor recurrence
19.	HER2/neu	Breast cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer	Tumor tissue	Determine treatment with Trastuzumab is appropriate
20.	Immunoglobulins	Multiple myeloma: Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia	Blood and urine	Diagnose disease, assess response to treatment and recurrence
21.	KIT	Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: mucosal melanoma	Tumor tissue	Diagnose and determine treatment
22.	KRAS mutation	Colorectal cancer: non-small cell lung cancer	Tumor tissue	Analysis whether treatment with a particular type of targeted therapy is appropriate
23.	Lactate dehydrogenase	Germ cell tumor	Blood assess the stage	Assess stage, prognosis and response treatment
24.	Nuclear matrix	Bladder cancer	Urine	Monitor protein 22 response to treatment
25.	Prostate specific	Prostate cancer	Blood	Diagnose, assess antigen (PSA) response to (<5ng/ml) treatment and recurrence
26.	Thyroglobulin	Thyroid cancer	Tumor tissue	To evaluate response to treatment and to look recurrence
27.	Urokinase plasminogen activator (uP A) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1)	Breast cancer	Tumor tissue	Determine aggressiveness of cancer
28.	70- Gene signature (Mammaprint)	Breast cancer	Tumor tissue	To evaluate risk of recurrence
29.	21-|Gene signature (Oncotype DX)	Breast cancer	Tumor tissue
30.	5- protein	Ovarian cancer	Blood	Preoperatively signature assess pelvic mass for suspected ovarian cancer